Magatama 勾玉 , sometimes written as 曲玉 , are curved, comma-shaped beads that have been used in Japan since the early Kofun period (300–538 BCE). They were primarily worn as ornaments or amulets and held deep spiritual and symbolic significance. However, they largely disappeared at the end of the Asuka period (538–710 CE) following the spread of Buddhism.
The name Magatama consists of 勾 , meaning “hook” or “curve,” and 玉 , meaning “jewel” or “precious stone”.
In ancient Japan, people wore magatama on necklaces during ceremonies to honor the vast universe, believing they could receive the blessings of the sun and moon. The beads were also strung together, as it was believed they could connect the wearer to their ancestors and grant them spiritual power and vitality. Over time, magatama became symbols of authority and status, often worn by individuals of high rank and those who performed ceremonies.
In Japanese mythology, even Kami-sama wore Magatama jewelry.
The exact meaning behind the magatama’s distinct shape remains uncertain. Some theories suggest it represents celestial bodies like the sun and moon, while others associate it with a fishhook, fang, kidney, or even an unborn child. While the curved, fang-like shape is the most common, round and cylindrical magatama (marutama and kudatama) also exist.
Magatama are most commonly green, made from jade (翡翠 hisui) or green agate (瑪瑙 menou). This deep green color, reminiscent of new plant growth. Other variations exist, including white magatama made from quartz, red ones from red agate, and even versions made from glass or clay.
Magatama made from its renowned agate are produced in the Izumo region, where our parent shrine is located!
Even today, magatama retain their cultural and spiritual significance, often used as protective charms and symbols of good fortune.
A noted Magatama is the 八尺瓊勾玉 Yasakani no Magatama also one of the 三種の神器 Sanshu no Jingi, the Three Sacred Treasures of Japan. It represents benevolence and is associated with wisdom and virtue.
